Institute of Space Technology

Region/Country

Asiatic Region
Pakistan
Universities and research institutions

Overall

-0.218

Integrity Risk

low

Indicators relating to the period 2020-2024

Indicator University Z-score Average country Z-score
Multi-affiliation
-0.211 -0.021
Retracted Output
-0.362 1.173
Institutional Self-Citation
0.120 -0.059
Discontinued Journals Output
0.290 0.812
Hyperauthored Output
-0.995 -0.681
Leadership Impact Gap
0.220 0.218
Hyperprolific Authors
-0.821 0.267
Institutional Journal Output
-0.268 -0.157
Redundant Output
-0.093 -0.339
0 represents the global average
AI-generated summary report

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND STRATEGIC VISION

The Institute of Space Technology presents a robust integrity profile, with a global performance score of -0.218 that reflects a solid foundation with specific areas for strategic enhancement. The institution demonstrates remarkable strengths, particularly in its capacity to act as a firewall against national trends in retracted publications and hyperprolific authorship, alongside a virtually non-existent risk of academic endogamy through institutional journals. These strengths are foundational to its leadership in key thematic areas identified by SCImago Institutions Rankings, including Earth and Planetary Sciences, Computer Science, and Physics and Astronomy. However, moderate risks in institutional self-citation and a systemic dependency on external collaborations for impact present a challenge to its mission of fostering "outstanding quality" and "rigorous scientific foundations." These practices, if unaddressed, could create a perception of insularity that contradicts the goal of developing professionals with a globally recognized understanding. By leveraging its proven control mechanisms to address these vulnerabilities, the Institute can fully align its operational integrity with its academic mission, solidifying its reputation for excellence and responsible research.

ANALYSIS BY INDICATOR

Rate of Multiple Affiliations

The Institute maintains a prudent profile in managing academic affiliations, with a Z-score of -0.211, which is notably more rigorous than the national standard (Z-score: -0.021). While multiple affiliations often arise from legitimate collaborations, this controlled rate indicates that the institution effectively avoids strategic attempts to inflate institutional credit or engage in “affiliation shopping,” ensuring that its collaborative footprint is a genuine reflection of its research partnerships.

Rate of Retracted Output

The institution demonstrates exceptional resilience in this area, with a Z-score of -0.362, effectively acting as a firewall against the significant national trend (Z-score: 1.173). Retractions can be complex, sometimes resulting from the honest correction of errors. However, the high national rate suggests a systemic vulnerability in pre-publication quality control. The Institute’s contrasting performance indicates that its internal review mechanisms are robust and successful, protecting it from the recurring methodological or ethical lapses observed elsewhere and safeguarding its institutional integrity culture.

Rate of Institutional Self-Citation

A moderate deviation from the national norm is observed in this indicator, with the Institute's Z-score at 0.120 compared to the country's low-risk score of -0.059. This suggests a greater sensitivity to risk factors than its peers. While a certain level of self-citation reflects the continuity of research lines, this elevated rate signals a potential for scientific isolation or 'echo chambers' where work is validated internally without sufficient external scrutiny. This dynamic warrants review, as it may lead to an endogamous inflation of impact that is not reflective of recognition by the global community.

Rate of Output in Discontinued Journals

The Institute demonstrates differentiated management of a risk that is common in the country, with a Z-score of 0.290, well below the national average of 0.812. This indicates that the institution exercises more effective due diligence in selecting dissemination channels. A high proportion of output in such journals constitutes a critical alert regarding reputational risk and wasted resources. The Institute's ability to moderate this trend suggests a stronger commitment to information literacy and avoiding predatory or low-quality publishing practices compared to its national environment.

Rate of Hyper-Authored Output

With a Z-score of -0.995, the Institute shows a more prudent approach to authorship than the national standard (Z-score: -0.681). Outside of "Big Science" contexts where large author lists are normal, high rates can indicate author list inflation, which dilutes individual accountability. The Institute's low score suggests a healthy culture of transparency and responsibility in authorship, effectively distinguishing necessary collaboration from practices like 'honorary' or political authorship.

Gap between Impact of total output and the impact of output with leadership

The Institute's performance (Z-score: 0.220) aligns almost perfectly with the national average (Z-score: 0.218), indicating a systemic pattern. This reflects a shared practice or condition at the national level where institutional impact is highly dependent on external collaborations. A wide positive gap signals a sustainability risk, suggesting that scientific prestige is often exogenous rather than built on internal capacity. This invites a strategic reflection on whether excellence metrics result from the institution's own intellectual leadership or from its positioning within collaborations led by others.

Rate of Hyperprolific Authors

The Institute shows strong institutional resilience, with its low-risk Z-score of -0.821 contrasting sharply with the medium-risk national context (Z-score: 0.267). This suggests that its internal control mechanisms effectively mitigate a systemic national risk. While high productivity can be legitimate, extreme volumes often challenge the limits of meaningful intellectual contribution. The Institute's performance indicates a successful balance between quantity and quality, preventing risks such as coercive authorship or the assignment of credit without real participation.

Rate of Output in Institutional Journals

In this domain, the Institute's performance signals total operational silence, with a Z-score of -0.268 that is even lower than the country's very low average (Z-score: -0.157). This complete absence of risk signals demonstrates a strong commitment to avoiding academic endogamy. By shunning the potential conflicts of interest inherent in self-publication, the institution ensures its research undergoes independent external peer review, maximizing its global visibility and upholding the highest standards of competitive validation.

Rate of Redundant Output

An incipient vulnerability is detected here, as the Institute's Z-score of -0.093, while in the low-risk category, is higher than the national average of -0.339. This suggests the presence of signals that warrant review before they escalate. A high rate of bibliographic overlap can indicate 'salami slicing'—the practice of fragmenting a study into minimal units to inflate productivity. This slight elevation relative to the national context calls for attention to ensure that the pursuit of volume does not overshadow the generation of significant, coherent new knowledge.

This report was automatically generated using Google Gemini to provide a brief analysis of the university scores.
If you require a more in-depth analysis of the results or have any questions, please feel free to contact us.
Powered by:
Scopus®
© 2026 SCImago Integrity Risk Indicators